Did you know Bugis.

Bugis an ethnic group with origins in South Sulawesi region. Primary identifier of this ethnic group is the language and customs, so that the Malay and Minangkabau settlers who migrated to Sulawesi since the 15th century as administrative staff and traders in Gowa and been acculturated, also categorized as the Bugis. Based on the Indonesian population census of 2000, the population of the Bugis by approximately six million people. Now the Bugis people also spread in various provinces of Indonesia, such as Southeast Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, Papua, East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan. The Bugis are also many who migrated to foreign countries.

History.

Beginning.

Bugis is a tribe belonging to the Deutero Malay tribes. Go to the archipelago after the first wave of migration from mainland Asia rather Yunan. The word "Bugis" is derived from the Ugi, which means the Bugis. Naming "Ugi" refers to the first king of the Chinese empire contained in Pammana, Wajo today, namely La Sattumpugi. When the people of La Sattumpugi calling itself, then they refer to their king. They called him as Ugi or people or followers of La Sattumpugi. He is the father of Sattumpugi We Cudai and siblings with Batara Lattu, father of Sawerigading. Sawerigading itself is the husband of We Cudai and gave birth to several children, including La Galigo that make the greatest literature in the world with approximately 9,000 folio pages. Sawerigading Opunna Ware (lordship in Ware) is a story set in the literature I La Galigo in Bugis society tradition. Acts Sawerigading also known in the local tradition Luwuk, Kaili, Gorontalo and some other traditions such Sulawesi Buton.

Developments.

During its development, the community is growing and forming several kingdoms. This community then develop the culture, language, literacy, and their own government. Some classic Bugis kingdom among others Luwu, Bone, Wajo, Soppeng, Suppa, Sawitto, Sidenreng and Rappang. Although the spread and form Bugis, but the marriage caused by blood ties and Mandar Makassar. Currently Bugis people scattered in several districts namely Luwu, Bone, Wajo, Soppeng, Sidrap, Pinrang, Barru. The transition between the Bugis Makassar is Bulukumba, Sinjai, Maros, Pangkajene Islands. Bugis transition area with Mandar is policing and Pinrang District. Luwu Kingdom is considered the oldest kingdoms along the Chinese empire (which later became Pammana), Mario (later to become part Soppeng) and afternoon (local in Pangkajene Islands)

Royal past.

Bone kingdom.

In the area Bone chaos for seven generations, which then appears a known Manurutng To Manurungnge ri Matajang. Seven small kings swore Manurungnge ri Matajang as their king and their Arumpone name into the legislative body known as ade pitue. Manurungnge ri Matajang also known as Mata Silompoe. The ade 'pitue consists of matoa ta, matoa tibojong, matoa Tanete Riattang, matoa Tanete riawang, matoa macege, matoa ponceng. matoa term later became whitewater. after Manurungnge ri Matajang, Bone kingdom led by his son, namely La Ummasa 'Petta Panre Bessie. Then nephew La Ummasa 'son of his sister who married the king Palakka born La Saliyu Kerrempelua. during Arumpone (the title of king of bone) of this third, Bone massively expand its territory to the north, south and west

Makassar Kingdom.

In the 12th century, 13, and 14 stand kingdom of Gowa, Soppeng, Bone, and Wajo, which begins with a social crisis, where people eat each other like fish. Kingdom of Makassar (Gowa) later founded the kingdom companion, the kingdom Tallo. But in the development of this twin kingdoms (Gowa and Tallo) back coalesce into kingdoms Makassar (Gowa).

Soppeng Kingdom.

In times of turmoil, in Soppeng appeared two people To Manurutng. First, a woman known by the name Manurungnge Goarie ri ri who then ruled Soppeng Aja. and second, a man named La Temmamala Manurungnge Sekkanyili ri ri Soppeng ruling in Lau. Finally, these two kingdoms into a Kingdom of Soppeng twins.

Wajo Kingdom.

While royal Wajo come from the communes of different directions that gathered around the lake Lampulungeng led by a person who has a supernatural ability called puangnge ri lampulung. After the death of him, the move to Boli commune led by someone who also has a supernatural ability. Lapaukke arrival of a prince of the kingdom of China (Pammana) some time later, and then build the kingdom Cinnotabbi. For five generations, this empire broke up and formed Wajo Kingdom. Kingdom of the pre-Wajo Cinnongtabi led by each: La Paukke White Cinnotabi I, II Cinnotabi We Panangngareng Whitewater, Whitewater Tenrisui We Cinnotabi III, La Patiroi White Cinnotabi IV. thereafter, two sons served as well as rafting Cinnotabi V, namely La Tenribali and La Tenritippe. After experiencing a crisis, the remnants of royal officials and citizens agree Cinnotabi chose La Tenribali as their king and established a new kingdom that Wajo. As for the king holds Batara Wajo.
Wajo led by, La Tenribali Batara Wajo I (former whitewater cinnotabi V), then La Mataesso Batara Wajo II and La Pateddungi Batara Wajo III. At the time, there was a crisis even Batara Wajo III was killed. power vacuum led to the birth of La Paddeppa agreement containing rights Wajo independence. thereafter, the title of king Wajo no longer Batara Wajo but White Matowa Wajo to any of the Unitary Republic of Indonesiaarm

Conflicts between kingdoms.

In the 15th century when the kingdom of Gowa and Bone began to strengthen, and Soppeng and Wajo began to appear, then there is a conflict in the border controls between the political and economic domination of the kingdom. Bone kingdom expands to meet the region Gowa in Bulukumba. Meanwhile, in the north, Bone met Luwu Walennae River. Medium Wajo also slowly expanding area. While Soppeng expand westward until at Barru. War between Luwu and Bone won by Bone and seize the royal umbrella Luwu then unite their kingdoms. Walennae River is the economic path of Tempe Lake and Lake Sidenreng to the Bone Bay. To maintain its position, Luwu build alliances with Wajo, by attacking several areas of Bone and Sidenreng. Next region Luwu increasingly shifted to the north and controlled Wajo through conquest or merger. Wajo then rub with Bone. Invasion of Gowa then grab some areas of Bone and conquer Wajo and Soppeng. To confront the hegemony of Gowa, the Royal Bone, Wajo and Soppeng make alliance called "tellumpoccoe".

The spread of Islam.

At the beginning of the 17th century, came to Islam from Minangkabau announcer on the orders of Sultan Iskandar Muda. They are Abdul Makmur (Datuk ri Bandang) Gowa and Tallo who circumcise, Suleiman (Datuk Patimang) spread Islam in Luwu, and Nurdin Ariyani (Datuk ri Tiro) were broadcast Islam in Bulukumba.

Dutch colonialism.

Mid 17th century, there was keen competition between Gowa with VOC to occur several times a battle. While Arumpone detained in Gowa and result in resistance led La Tenri Tatta Whitewater Palakka Attack Daeng. Whitewater Palakka supported by Turatea, small Makassar traitors to the crown in the kingdom of Gowa. While Sultan Hasanuddin supported by law La Tenri Lai Tosengngeng White Matowa Wajo, Maradia Mandar, and Datu Luwu. Fierce war resulted in many casualties Gowa and its allies. This defeat led to the signing of the adverse Bongaya kingdom of Gowa. Lapatau marriage with the daughter of Datu Luwu, Datu Soppeng, and Gowa Somba is a process of reconciliation of the conflict in South Sulawesi peninsula. After the great war adalagi not until later in the year 1905-1906 after Sultan Husayn Karaeng resistance Lembang Parang and La Pawawoi Karaeng Segeri Arumpone extinguished, then the new Bugis Makassar society can truly conquered the Netherlands. Empty local leadership resulted in the Netherlands published Korte Veklaring, ie short agreement on the appointment of the king as the recovery of the kingdom which was vacant after the conquest. Kingdom no longer sovereign, but merely an extension of the powers of the Dutch East Indies colonial government, until then appeared Japan shifted the Netherlands until the founding of the Republic of Indonesia.

Independence period.

The kings of the archipelago got the insistence by the Old Order (Soekarno) to dissolve their kingdom and immerse themselves in a container Homeland. In 1950-1960s, South Sulawesi, Indonesia particularly preoccupied with the insurgency. This rebellion resulted in many people Bugis left his hometown. In the New Order era, the cultural periphery such as culture in Sulawesi completely marginalized thus eroding. Now the younger generation and Bugis Makassar is a generation who eat more material culture as a result of modernization, loss of identity as a result of the education pattern of the New Order that marginalize their culture. Along with the current reforms, comes the expansion discourse. Mandar area forming the new province of West Sulawesi. Luwu split three two-level areas. While many districts and villages / village also bloomed. Unfortunately, the soil is not expanded, even more narrow due to increasing population and transmigration.

Livelihoods.

Because the Bugis community spread over lush lowland and coastal areas, the majority of the Bugis people living as farmers and fishermen. Other livelihood interest Bugis people are traders. In addition, the Bugis people also fill government bureaucracy and pursue the field of education.

Pirates.

Since Bongaya agreement that led to the fall into the hands of the Dutch colonial Makassar, Bugis people regarded as an ally of the Dutch government free based in Batavia. Services provided by White Palakka, a Bugis from Bone to the Dutch government, led to obtaining greater freedom of movement to the Bugis community. However, this freedom to be misused Bugis pirates disrupt trade lane eastern archipelago.
Bugis pirates fleet spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago. They are entrenched near Samarinda and help sultans on the west coast of Borneo in their internal wars. Pirates have infiltrated the Sultanate of Johor and Malacca threaten Dutch fort.

Mercenaries.

Aside from being a pirate, because the soul wander and loyalty to friendship famous Bugis people as mercenaries. The Bugis before the open conflict with their Dutch one Dutch soldiers loyal. They helped the Netherlands, ie, when the chase Trunojoyo in East Java, conquest inland Minangkabau against Padri forces, as well as helping the people of Europe as against Ayuthaya in Thailand. The Bugis are also involved in a power struggle and become mercenaries Sultanate of Johor , when a power struggle against the rover Minangkabau leaders Small King.

Bugis overseas.

Bugis expertise in sailing the ocean is quite well known, and they were up to the overseas territories of Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei, Thailand, Australia, Madagascar and South Africa. In fact, in the suburbs of Cape Town, South Africa there is a suburb named Maccassar, as a sign of the locals remember the native land of their ancestors.

Cause wander.

The conflict between the kingdoms of Bugis and Makassar and conflict among the Bugis kingdom in the 16th century, 17, 18 and 19, cause not calm area of South Sulawesi. This causes many people to migrate Bugis especially in coastal areas. In addition, culture is also driven by the desire to migrate to freedom. Happiness in Bugis tradition can only be achieved through freedom.

Bugis in East Kalimantan.

Most people Bugis Wajo of the kingdom of Gowa who do not submit and adhere to the content Bongaja agreement, they still continue the struggle and guerrilla resistance against the Dutch and some are moved to other islands of them have migrated to the area Kutai, namely the group led by Lamohang Daeng Mangkona (Pua Ado first degree). The arrival of the Bugis Wajo of Gowa was well received by the Sultan of Kutai.
Above agreements and treaties, by Raja Kutai the group given location around the village take the floor, a low-lying areas that are good for the business of Agriculture, Fisheries and Trade. In accordance with the agreement that the Bugis Wajo should help all interests Raja Kutai, especially in the face of the enemy.
All the group chose the area around the mouth of Coral Mumus (Selili area opposite) but the area is causing difficulty in shipping due to the play areas that have current (berulak) with a lot of dirt river. In addition to the background of mountains (Mount Selili).
Bugis in Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia [edit | edit source]
Having mastered the kingdom of Gowa by VOC in the mid 17th century, many immigrants Malay and Minangkabau positions in the kingdom of Gowa alongside other Bugis people, participating leave Sulawesi towards kingdoms in the Malay world. Here they are involved in political struggles Malay kingdoms. Until now many kings in Johor & selangor who is a descendant of Luwu. Thank you for reading this article.
Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno.
http://www.dynastyc.blogspot.com/2014/11/did-you-know-bugis.html
DatePublished: November 24, 2014 at 17:56

Tag : Did you know Bugis.